ok, to be clear, this is how investment goes-
when you invest your money in a company, you are buying the shares of a company. this means that you own a part of the company. how much of the company you own depends on how many shares you have purchased against the total number of shares issued (sold) by the company.
now for illustration, let me tell you a story
lets imagine there is a company called Sperm Bank. Sperm Bank is worth 10 million dollars. they decide to split their company into 10 million parts (shares), and sell each part to the people (investors). this means each share is worth $1.
now the CEO of Sperm Bank is actually a chimpanzee. but this doesn't bother investors because Sperm Bank is so famous. still, sperm bank makes heavy losses and the company is now only worth 5 million dollars now. having issued 10 million shares, each share is only worth $0.50 now. the investors are now banging their balls (no pun). they still own the part of the company that they paid for in the past. but if they tried to sell their share (now you know why it's called 'shares'!) of the company, they can only sell it today at half the price they bought it for in the past. this is what you call paper losses.
now enter a big, greedy investment company called TEmaXAS Hold'em (TH). TH has alot of cash to invest because they hold the retirement savings of all the citizens in their country.
TH looks at the price of Sperm Bank shares ($0.50) and says "that's really cheap! lets buy them up! in the future CONFIRM go up! SURE make money! after all, Sperm Bank is so famous, they can't possibly fail!
TH buys lots and lots of Sperm Bank shares. Sperm Bank makes even more losses and their share price falls. good, EVEN cheaper, so TH buys even more shares. after all, sure go up eventually. Sperm Bank shares fall even further. my god, where is the bottom?!
in the end, Sperm Bank is in such deep shit that they are on the verge of bankruptcy. if sperm bank goes bankrupt, TH will be owning a part of a BANKRUPT company, which is worthless.
fortunately, Sperm Bank is rescued when big Bank of Angmokio buys them over. what used to be a big part of Sperm Bank is now a small part of Bank of Angmokio. oh, and Bank of Angmokio is losing money as well, but the government gives them money to help sort out their problems