from what i've seen most pedals have electrolytic capacitors rated to around 25V BUT I MAY BE WRONG.
a lot of regular opamp IC chips/transistors used for pedals can easily run at 18VDC. again, must identify the chip/transistor.
its getting more and more difficult to do such things these days as many pedals now are using those TINY little surface mount parts with impossible little markings but then i only know what i need to know, and i don't know too much about these SMD thingies.
in general, analogue type distortion, overdrive, fuzz, booster, eq can use a bit higher juice.
digital pedals don't bother. some won't even run if it goes a tad higher.