Body Woods:
Alder generally has a very warm, wide sound. Notes have a very nice blossom to them.
Ash typically yields a very aggressive tone, with loads of bite. The denser examples of Ash (Hard Ash) tend to be a little weaker in the bottom end, with most of the bite coming from the high mids.
Swamp Ash has a tone that sort of falls in between Ash and Alder. It's got a little more bottom end to it in comparison to Ash, while still retaining some of the bite of Ash. Nice growl and articulation.
Fingerboard Woods:
Rosewood is mellow sounding, lacks a bit of clarity and articulation.
Maple is slightly brighter, with better clarity. Notes are more defined and are able to cut through better.
I think 22 fret Jazz Basses do exist, although all of mine are 20 fret ones
Oh yes, forgot to mention that I didn't roll off the tone at all for most of the basses. The tone is always wide open.