For example, in the key of C, following a C chord, we may play C Ionian, E Phrygian, or A Aeolian, for examples, then when the chord changes we may play the new chord to its modes.
However, in Jazz, in a progression of lets say CDEA, we may play C Ionian, D Dorian, E Phrygian, then A Aeolian...